Anemia: Hypoproliferative (Low Reticulocyte Count)
Anemia: Hypoproliferative (Low Reticulocyte Count): Excerpt from A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
Nutrient Deficiency
Iron deficiency
Chronic blood loss
Pregnancy
Dietary deficiency
Malabsorption
Subtotal gastrectomy
Malabsorption syndromes
Hemoglobinuria or hemosiderinuria
Intravascular hemolysis
Hemodialysis
Vitamin B
12 deficiency
Dietary deficiency (rare)
Impaired absorption
Insufficient intrinsic factor
Pernicious anemia
Gastrectomy (total or partial)
Gastric mucosal injury (e.g., lye ingestion)
Congenital
Malabsorption syndromes
Sprue, tropical or nontropical
Ileal resection
Regional ileitis
Infiltrative intestinal disease (e.g., lymphoma)
Chronic pancreatitis
Familial selective malabsorption
Drug-induced malabsorption
Competitive absorption
Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm)
Blind-loop syndromes
Increased requirements
Pregnancy
Neoplasia
Folate deficiency
Dietary deficiency (especially in alcoholics, infants)
Impaired absorption
Malabsorption syndromes
Sprue, tropical or nontropical
Whipple's disease
Small-intestinal resection
Infiltrative intestinal disease (e.g., lymphoma)
Scleroderma
Amyloidosis
Drug-induced malabsorption (anticonvulsants)
Increased requirements
Pregnancy
Infancy
Hemolytic anemia
Chronic exfoliative dermatitis
Neoplasia
Uremia
Impaired metabolism
Trimethoprim
Methotrexate
Pyrimethamine
Alcohol
Other nutritional deficiencies
Vitamin A
Pyridoxine (rare)
Vitamin C
Starvation
Protein deficiency (kwashiorkor)
Anemia of Chronic Disease
Chronic infection
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
Osteomyelitis
Chronic pyelonephritis
Chronic pulmonary infection
Tuberculosis
Chronic fungal infection
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Chronic inflammatory diseases
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatic fever
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Vasculitis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
Malignancy
Chronic renal disease
Chronic liver disease
Endocrine dysfunction
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Hypogonadism
Adrenal insufficiency
Panhypopituitarism
Hyperparathyroidism
Pregnancy
Bone Marrow Disorders
Congenital
Red cell aplasia (Diamond-Blackfan anemia)
Congenital dyserythropoietic anemias
Hereditary sideroblastic anemias
Aplastic
Pancytopenia
Pure red cell aplasia
Congenital (Diamond-Blackfan anemia)
Acquired
Associated with thymoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and so forth
Drug-induced
Toxic
Megaloblastic
Antimetabolites (e.g., 5-fluorouracil, 6-thioguanine, 6-mercaptopurine, azathioprine)
Sideroblastic (e.g., alcohol, lead, isoniazid, chloramphenicol)
Aplastic
Infiltrative, with or without fibrosis
Infection
Tuberculosis
Fungal disease
Gaucher's and other lipid storage diseases
Malignancy
Hematologic (leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma)
Marrow metastases
Neoplastic
Leukemia, acute and chronic
Lymphoproliferative disorders
Lymphoma, with marrow involvement
Hodgkin's disease
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)
Plasma cell myeloma
Hairy-cell leukemia
Myeloproliferative disorders
Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with fibrosis
Essential thrombocythemia
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Refractory anemia (RA)
RA with ringed sideroblasts
RA with excess of blasts (RAEB)
RAEB in transformation
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Other
Marathon runner's anemia (physiologic)
References
1. Aboulafia DM, Mitsuyasu RT: Hematologic Abnormalities in AIDS.
Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 5:195, 1991.
2. Erslev AJ: Anemia of Chronic Renal Failure; Anemia of Endocrine Disorders; Anemia of Chronic Disorders, pp. 456, 462, 518. See Bibliography, 2.
3. Fairbanks VF, Beutler E: Iron Deficiency, p. 490. See Bibliography, 2.
4. Lee GR: The Anemia of Chronic Disorders, p. 1497. See Bibliography, 1.
5. Herbert V: Hematologic Complications of Alcoholism I, II.
Semin Hematol, vol. 17, 1980.
6. Dressendorfer RH, Wade CE, Amsterdam EA: Development of Pseudoanemia in Marathon Runners During a 20-day Road Race.
JAMA 246:1215, 1981.
7. See Bibliography, 3.
8. Lee GR: Inherited and Drug Induced Megaloblastic Anemia, p. 973. See Bibliography, 2.
Book Source Details
- Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
- Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
- Year of Publication: 1999
- Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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