Dizziness and Vertigo

Dizziness

Hyperventilation
Anxiety, psychosomatic causes
Hypoxia
Anemia
Visual disturbances
   Incorrect spectacles
   Sudden extraocular muscle paresthesia with diplopia
Hypotension (especially orthostatic)
Hypertension
Cardiac arrhythmia
Peripheral neuropathy
Myelopathy
Concussion
Aging
Syncope of any cause

True Vertigo

Infection
   Labyrinthitis (bacterial, viral, syphilitic)
   Cholesteatoma
   Chronic otitis media with middle-ear fistula
   Vestibular neuronitis or neuropathy
   Herpes zoster oticus
Vascular disorders
   Vertebrobasilar insufficiency or occlusion
   Vascular malformations
   Labyrinthine or internal auditory artery occlusion or spasm
   Migraine
   Hemorrhage into labyrinthine system, brainstem, or cerebellum (e.g., secondary to bleeding diathesis, leukemia, hypertension)
Ménière's disease
Benign positional vertigo of Bárány
Drugs and toxins
   Alcohol
   Quinine
   Ethacrynic acid
   Aminoglycoside antibiotics (especially streptomycin,
gentamicin)
   Salicylates
   Benzene
   Arsenic
   Arsine
Trauma
   Temporal bone fracture
   Labyrinthine concussion
   Postsurgical (inner-ear area)
   Perilymphatic fistula
Tumor, especially
   Acoustic neuroma
   Epidermoid carcinoma
   Metastatic carcinoma (especially breast, kidney, lung, stomach)
   Glomus body tumor
Other
   Unusual head or neck positions
   Cerumen impaction
   Motion sickness
   Space sickness
   Multiple sclerosis
   Extraocular muscle palsy
   Syringobulbia
   Tabes dorsalis
   Friedreich's ataxia
   Encephalitis
   Seizure aura or temporal lobe seizure
   Psychogenic

References

1. Deafness, Dizziness, and Disorders of Equilibrium, p. 747. See Bibliography, 1.
2. Wazen JJ: Dizziness and Hearing Loss in General, p. 30. See Bibliography, 2.
3. Longridge NS: Approach to the Patient with Dizziness and Vertigo, p. 2320. See Bibliography, 3.

Book Source Details

• Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
• Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
• Year of Publication: 1999
• Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 2008 Williams & Wilkins.

More About Causes of Syncope

• Back to symptom: Syncope: Introduction (review 1998 causes)
• Next Book Extract About Syncope: Aura (Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
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More About This Book: Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis Authors: Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Copyright: 1999 ISBN: 0-78171-943-7

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