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Is there galactorrhea? Of course, the most common cause of galactorrhea would be the galactorrhea following pregnancy and delivery. However, if there is galactorrhea, one should ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Are there abnormalities on pelvic examination? A tubo-ovarian mass on pelvic examination should suggest salpingo-oophoritis, endometriosis with a chocolate cyst, or ectopic pregnancy. ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is there persistent or recurring abdominal or pelvic pain? The presence of pain with menorrhagia should make one suspect PID, endometriosis, and ectopic pregnancy.
Are there ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Are there abnormalities found on the vaginal examination? An enlarged uterus suggests pregnancy, fibroids, retained secundina, hydatiform mole, choriocarcinoma, endometrial ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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... There are usually physiologic cramps occurring during menstruation and not associated with pathology of the female reproductive organs. If there is associated menorrhagia, the differential diagnosis of this symptom
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Amenorrhea (absence of menses) can be transient, intermittent, or permanent. It may result from dysfunction of the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovaries, uterus, or vagina. Primary... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation, is one of the most common gynecologic complaints. It is divided into two broad categories: Primary dysmenorrhea refers to severe uterine cramping... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Secondary amenorrhea is the absence of menses for 6 months in a woman with previously regular menstrual cycles, or 12 months in a woman whose periods had been irregular.
... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Menarche occurs at an average age of 12.7 years in the U.S. Primary amenorrhea occurs when menarche remains absent at age 16, or if 5 years have passed since the onset of puberty and menarche has not... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Visualizing the parts of the female reproductive system (see figure below), one can systematically formulate a differential diagnosis of this common malady.
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... Combining the anatomy of the female genital tract with the endocrine system will key in on the major sources of absent or diminished menstrual flow. It is perhaps best to begin at the bottom and work
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... The absence of menstrual flow, amenorrhea can be classified as primary or secondary. With primary amenorrhea, menstruation fails to begin before age 16. With secondary amenorrhea, it begins at an appropriate age,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Dysmenorrhea — painful menstruation — affects more than 50% of menstruating women; in fact, it's the leading cause of lost time from school and work among women of childbearing age.... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Abnormally heavy or long menstrual bleeding, menorrhagia may occur as a single episode or a chronic sign. In menorrhagia, bleeding is heavier than the patient’s normal menstrual flow; menstrual blood loss is 80 ml... Emergency Interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
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... Metrorrhagia — uterine bleeding that occurs irregularly between menstrual periods — is usually light, although it can range from staining to hemorrhage. Usually, this common sign reflects... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations
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... In most women, menstrual bleeding occurs every 28 days, plus or minus 4 days. Although some variation is normal, menstrual bleeding at intervals of greater than 36 days may indicate... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
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... Hypothalamic and Pituitary Causes
Androgen excess
Chorionic gonadotropin-secreting tumors
Chronic debilitating diseases (e.g., liver disease, uremia, regional ileitis)
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... Amenorrhea is the abnormal absence or suppression of menstruation. Primary amenorrhea is the absence of menarche in an adolescent (by age 18). Secondary amenorrhea is the failure of menstruation for at least 3 months after normal... Causes and incidence ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Dysmenorrhea — painful menstruation — is the most common gynecologic complaint and a leading cause of absenteeism from school (affecting 10% of high school girls each month) and... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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Amenorrhea
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
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... The absence of menstrual flow, amenorrhea can be classified as primary or secondary. In primary amenorrhea, menstruation fails to begin before age 16. In secondary amenorrhea, it... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Dysmenorrhea—painful menstruation—affects more than 50% of menstruating women; in fact, it’s the leading cause of lost time from school and work among women of... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Abnormally heavy or long menstrual bleeding, menorrhagia may occur as a single episode or a chronic sign. In menorrhagia, bleeding is heavier than the patient’s normal menstrual flow; menstrual... Emergency Interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
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... Metrorrhagia—uterine bleeding that occurs irregularly between menstrual periods—is usually light, although it can range from staining to hemorrhage. Usually, this common sign... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations
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... In most women, menstrual bleeding occurs every 28 days plus or minus 4 days. Although some variation is normal, menstrual bleeding at intervals of greater than 36 days may indicate oligomenorrhea&mdash... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling
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Amenorrhea
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... L. Allen Dobson, Jr.
Pregnancy is the most common cause of amenorrhea. Evaluation and diagnosis of the other causes of amenorrhea are possible by use of a... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment ... Pictures
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Dysmenorrhea
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... Albert A. Meyer
Approach Dysmenorrhea can be defined as a complaint of pain experienced during or immediately before menstruation. Up to 90% of... History (2) ... Physical examination ... Laboratory testing (3) ... Diagnostic assessment (1)
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Menorrhagia
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... Albert A. Meyer
Approach Menorrhagia, defined as excessive bleeding from the uterus, is a common gynecologic complaint. Each year, 200,000 American women... History (2) ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment (3)
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... Differential Overview
❑ Pregnancy
❑ Menopause
❑ Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea
❑ Drugs ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... The absence of menstrual flow, amenorrhea can be classified as primary or secondary. With primary amenorrhea, menstruation fails to begin before age 16. With secondary... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... In most women, menstrual bleeding occurs every 28 days plus or minus 4 days. Although some variation is normal, menstrual bleeding at intervals of greater than 36 days may... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... The absence of menstrual flow, amenorrhea can be classified as primary or secondary. With primary amenorrhea, menstruation fails to begin before age 16. With secondary amenorrhea, it begins at an appropriate age, but later ceases for... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Dysmenorrhea—painful menstruation—affects more than 50% of menstruating women; in fact, it's the leading cause of lost time from school and work among women of childbearing age. Dysmenorrhea may involve sharp,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Abnormally heavy or long menstrual bleeding, menorrhagia may occur as a single episode or a chronic sign. In menorrhagia, bleeding is heavier than the patient's normal menstrual flow; menstrual blood loss is 80 ml or more per... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Metrorrhagia—uterine bleeding that occurs irregularly between menses—is usually light, although it can range from staining to hemorrhage. Usually, this common sign reflects slight physiologic bleeding from the... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... In most women, menstrual bleeding occurs every 28 days, plus or minus 4 days. Although some variation is normal, menstrual bleeding at intervals of greater than 36 days may indicate oligomenorrhea—abnormally infrequent menstrual... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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...
Visualizing the parts of the female reproductive system (see figure),
one can systematically formulate a differential diagnosis of this common
malady. At the cervix, stenosis, cervical polyps, and other... Pictures
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...
Combining the anatomy of the female genital tract with the
endocrine system will key in on the major sources of absent or diminished
menstrual flow. It is... Pictures
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