Hypokalemia

Extracellular-to-intracellular K ⁺   shifts
   Alkalosis
   Increased plasma insulin (e.g., treatment phase of diabetic ketoacidosis)
   Beta-adrenergic agonists
   Hypokalemic periodic paralysis
Decreased intake
   Poor dietary intake
   Geophagia
Gastrointestinal loss
   Vomiting, nasogastric suction
   Diarrhea, laxative or enema abuse
   Malabsorption
   Ureterosigmoidostomy, ileal loop
   Enteric fistula
   Villous adenoma
Renal loss
   Diuretic therapy
   Primary aldosteronism
   Secondary aldosteronism
    Malignant hypertension
    Renal artery stenosis
    Congestive heart failure
    Cirrhosis and ascites
    ACTH or glucocorticoid excess (Cushing's disease, Cushing's syndrome, ectopic ACTH production)
    Bartter's syndrome
    Gitelman's syndrome
    Renin-secreting tumor (e.g., renal hemangiopericytoma)
   Licorice ingestion
   Excessive use of chewing tobacco
   Renal tubular acidosis
   Diuresis during recovery from obstruction or acute renal failure
   Osmotic diuresis
   Drugs and toxins
    Carbenicillin, penicillin (large doses)
    Amphotericin B
   l-Dopa
    Lithium
    Thallium
   Hypomagnesemia
   Acute leukemia
   Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Sweat loss
   Heavy exercise
   Heat stroke
States of rapid cellular synthesis
   Intravenous hyperalimentation
   Recovery from megaloblastic anemia

References

1. Rose, p. 776. See Bibliography, 3.
2. Peterson LN, Levi M: Disorders of Potassium Metabolism, p. 192. See Bibliography, 4.

Book Source Details

Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
Year of Publication: 1999
Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Other Book Chapters Related to Hypokalemia

Read excerpts from these other book chapters related to Hypokalemia:

Medical Books Excerpts

HYPOKALEMIA
"Algorithmic Diagnosis of Symptoms and Signs" (2003)
[ read ]

Hypokalemia
"In a Page: Signs and Symptoms" (2004)
[ read ]

Hypokalemia
"In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms" (2007)
[ read ]

HYPOKALEMIA
"Differential Diagnosis in Primary Care" (2007)
[ read ]

Hypokalemia
"A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis" (1999)
[ read ]

Hypokalemia (severe)
"Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition)" (2005)
[ read ]

Potassium imbalance
"Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition)" (2005)
[ read ]

Hypokalemia
"The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter" (2000)
[ read ]

Potassium imbalance
"Handbook of Diseases" (2003)
[ read ]

HYPOKALEMIA
"Differential Diagnosis in Primary Care" (2007)
[ read ]

More About Causes of Hypokalemia

Back to symptom: Hypokalemia: Introduction (review 147 causes)
Next Book Extract About Hypokalemia: Hypokalemia (severe) (Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
All Book Extracts: All Online Book Extracts for Hypokalemia

More About This Book:
Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Copyright: 1999
ISBN: 0-78171-943-7