...
Is there associated fever? The presence of fever along with chest pain should make one think of a perinephric abscess or pyelonephritis. Occasionally, however, hypernephroma can cause fever and flank ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is there tenderness and rebound tenderness? If this is absent, consider voluntary rigidity. If this is present, the finding must be considered serious.
Is there a history of trauma? A history ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is it acute or chronic? Acute stiffness of the neck should make one look for nuchal rigidity. If there is nuchal rigidity, meningitis or subarachnoid hemorrhage would be ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is there a family history of migraine or epilepsy? Migraine and epilepsy both present with abdominal pain.
Is the pain colicky or ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Where is the pain located? If it is diffuse, one should consider pancreatitis, mesenteric artery occlusion, or ruptured peptic ulcer. In ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Neck stiffness may be caused by inflammation, infection, or trauma. True nuchal rigidity is characterized by the inability to actively or passively touch the chin to the chest and is due to inflammation of the brain... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Lower abdominal pain is a common complaint that must be evaluated carefully and systematically to reach the appropriate diagnosis in timely manner. All diagnoses must be... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Upper abdominal pain is a common presenting symptom. A complete differential diagnosis should be developed based on the organs in the upper abdomen in addition to the associated history and physical examination. Gallbladder disease... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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In evaluating an acute abdomen, rebound tenderness is one of the most important signs of peritonitis. It is elicited by pressing deeply on the abdomen and then suddenly releasing pressure, which stretches the peritoneum... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Pain and/or tenderness on the side of the trunk from the ribs to the ileum is often associated with renal disease; however, nonrenal etiologies are very common. Of course, renal disease should be strongly suspected in the... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Many disease processes, including malignancies, infections, and bowel obstruction, present with abdominal masses. The most serious and dramatic etiology is an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which is responsible for 15,000 deaths... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Abdominal pain is a frequent complaint and associated with an enormous number of causes. Many causes of acute abdominal pain require surgical intervention, so a prompt diagnosis is needed. Diagnostic clues... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Abdominal masses are common presenting signs of malignant solid tumors in children and should be presumed to be such. They require urgent evaluation to rule out compression of internal... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Most cases of flank pain are associated with inflammation of the kidney. As is shown in Table 29 , however, jumping to that conclusion in any given case may be
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... As the physician examines the abdomen, how can he or she recall all of the causes of a mass or swelling? The physician should consider the possibilities for the mass’s composition. It may be air, in which
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... The GI tract is the only “organ” that really covers the abdomen from one end to the other. Anything that causes an irritation of all or a large portion of this “tube”
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... Abdominal distention refers to increased abdominal girth — the result of increased intra-abdominal pressure forcing the abdominal wall outward. Distention may be mild or severe, depending on... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations
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... Commonly detected on routine physical examination, an abdominal mass is a localized swelling in one abdominal quadrant. Typically, this sign develops insidiously and may represent an enlarged organ, a... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Abdominal pain usually results from a GI disorder, but it can be caused by a reproductive, genitourinary (GU), musculoskeletal, or vascular disorder; drug use; or ingestion of toxins. At times, such pain... Emergency interventions
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... Pain in the flank, the area extending from the ribs to the ilium, is a leading indicator of renal and upper urinary tract disease or trauma. Depending on the cause, this symptom may vary from a dull ache to... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Detected by palpation, abdominal rigidity refers to abnormal muscle tension or inflexibility of the abdomen. Rigidity may be voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary rigidity reflects the patient’s fear... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Cogwheel rigidity is a cardinal sign of Parkinson's disease, marked by muscle rigidity that reacts with superimposed ratchetlike movements when the muscle is passively stretched. This sign can be elicited by... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations
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... Mechanical Bowel Obstruction
Extraluminal compression
Congenital abnormalities
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... Diffuse
Gastroenteritis
Peritonitis
Pancreatitis
Leukemia
Sickle cell crisis
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... Abdominal Disorders
Inflammatory disorders
Peritoneum
Peritonitis
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... Abdominal distention refers to increased abdominal girth—the result of increased intra-abdominal pressure forcing the abdominal wall outward. Distention may be mild or severe, depending on the amount of... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Commonly detected on routine physical examination, an abdominal mass is a localized swelling in one abdominal quadrant. Typically, this sign develops insidiously and may... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Abdominal pain usually results from a GI disorder, but it can also be caused by a reproductive, genitourinary (GU), musculoskeletal, or vascular disorder; drug use; or ingestion of toxins. At times, such pain signals life-threatening... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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Flank pain
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
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... Pain in the flank, the area extending from the ribs to the ilium, is a leading indicator of renal and upper urinary tract disease or trauma. Depending on the cause, this symptom may vary from a dull... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Detected by palpation, abdominal rigidity refers to abnormal muscle tension or inflexibility of the abdomen. Rigidity may be voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary rigidity reflects the... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Cogwheel rigidity, a cardinal sign of Parkinson’s disease, is marked by muscle rigidity that reacts with superimposed ratchetlike movements when the muscle is passively stretched. This sign can be elicited by stabilizing the patient... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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Abdominal Pain
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... Richard W. Emerine
Abdominal pain of varying causes, ranging from the functional to the organic, is one of the top ten outpatient complaints; it is the chief complaint for... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Differential Overview
❑ Ureteral calculus
❑ Acute pyelonephritis
❑ Latissimus strain ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Differential Overview
❑ Irritable bowel syndrome
❑ Peptic ulcer disease
❑ Cholecystitis
&... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Differential Overview
Abdominal Mass
❑ Liver enlargement
❑ Spleen enlargement
❑ Fecal mass ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Differential Overview
Generalized/Periumbilical
❑ Gastroenteritis
❑ Obstipation
... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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Abdominal pain
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Abdominal pain usually results from a GI disorder, but can also be caused by drug use, ingestion of toxins, or disorders of the reproductive, genitourinary (GU), musculoskeletal, or vascular systems. At times... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Flank pain
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Pain in the flank, the area extending from the ribs to the ilium, is a leading indicator of renal and upper urinary tract disease or trauma. Depending on the cause, this... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Abdominal rigidity
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Abdominal rigidity has been described as abnormal muscle tension or inflexibility of the abdomen, and as an abdominal muscle spasm with involuntary guarding. Rigidity is detected by palpation and may be... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Abdominal distention refers to increased abdominal girth — the result of increased intra-abdominal pressure forcing the abdominal wall outward. Distention may be mild or severe, depending on the amount of... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Commonly detected on routine physical examination, an abdominal mass is a localized swelling in one abdominal quadrant. Typically, this sign develops insidiously and may represent an enlarged organ, a neoplasm, an abscess, a... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Abdominal pain usually results from a GI disorder, but it can be caused by a reproductive, genitourinary (GU), musculoskeletal, or vascular disorder; drug use; or ingestion of toxins. At... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Pain in the flank, the area extending from the ribs to the ilium, is a leading indicator of renal and upper urinary tract disease or trauma. Depending on the cause, this symptom may vary from a dull ache to severe... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Detected by palpation, abdominal rigidity refers to abnormal muscle tension or inflexibility of the abdomen. Also known as abdominal muscle spasm or involuntary guarding, rigidity may... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Many diseasescause abdominal pain, and clinical dilemma is to distinguish life-threateningones from those that are mild and self-limited. Best way to approach diagnosis is to... Principal Causes of Acute Abdominal Pain ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis: Acute Abdominal Pain ... Diagnostic Approach: Acute Abdominal Pain ... Principal Causes of Chronic or Recurrent Abdominal Pain ... Diagnostic Approach: Chronic or Recurrent Abdominal Pain ... References
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...Stiff neck and torticollis (head turned to1 side) can occur separately or together. Principal Causes of Neck Stiffness and Torticollis Congenital Congenital ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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...Although vomiting, abdominal pain, GI bleeding,hematuria, and fever accompany some types of abdominal mass lesions,other types occur without any associated signs and symptoms. Thus,it is especially important to examine the... Principal Causes of Abdominal Masses ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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... Abdominal distention refers to increased abdominal girth—the result of increased intra-abdominal pressure forcing the abdominal wall outward. Distention may be mild or... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Commonly detected on routine physical examination, an abdominal mass is a localized swelling in one abdominal quadrant. Typically, this sign develops insidiously and may represent an enlarged organ, a neoplasm, an abscess, a vascular... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Abdominal pain usually results from a GI disorder, but it can be caused by a reproductive, genitourinary (GU), musculoskeletal, or vascular disorder; drug use; or ingestion of toxins. At times, such pain signals... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Pain in the flank, the area extending from the ribs to the ilium, is a leading indicator of renal and upper urinary tract disease or trauma. Depending on the cause, this symptom may vary from a dull ache to severe... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Detected by palpation, abdominal rigidity refers to abnormal muscle tension or inflexibility of the abdomen. Rigidity may be voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary rigidity reflects the patient's fear or... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Cogwheel rigidity is a cardinal sign of Parkinson's disease, marked by muscle rigidity that reacts with superimposed ratchetlike movements when the muscle is passively stretched. This sign can be elicited by... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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Most cases of flank pain are associated with inflammation of the
kidney. As is shown in Table 29, however, jumping to that
conclusion in any given case may... Pictures
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...
As the physician examines the abdomen, how can he or she recall all of
the causes of a mass or swelling? The physician should consider the
possibilities for the... Pictures
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...
The GI tract is the only “organ” that really covers the abdomen
from one end to the other. Anything that causes an irritation of all or a
large portion of this “tube” may... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
