What is Stroke?

Contents

Stroke: Introduction
Types of Stroke
Prognosis
Complications
Prevalence
Other names for Stroke
Who gets Stroke?
What causes Stroke?
What are the symptoms of Stroke?
Organs Affected by Stroke
Can anyone else get Stroke?
How is it treated?
Society issues for Stroke
Stroke: Introduction

What is Stroke?

Stroke: Serious brain event from bleeding or blood clots.
Stroke: A sudden, nonconvulsive loss of neurologic function due to an ischemic or hemorrhagic intracranial vascular event. In general, cerebrovascular accidents are classified by anatomic location in the brain, vascular distribution, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. nonhemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)
Source - Diseases Database
Stroke: (sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand; "it took two strokes to get out of the bunker"; "a good shot require good balance and tempo"; "he left me an almost impossible shot".
Source - WordNet 2.1

Stroke: Introduction

Types of Stroke:

Types of Stroke:

Ischemic stroke - from reduced blood flow to a brain area.
Hemorrhagic stroke - from bleeding in the brain.
Right hemisphere stroke - a right brain stroke affecting the left side of the body.
Left hemisphere stroke - a left brain stroke affecting the right side of the body.
Cerebellar stroke - a stroke occurring in the cerebellum
Brain stem stroke - occurring in the brain stem.
more types...»

Broader types of Stroke:

How many people get Stroke?

Prevalance of Stroke: estimated 4.6 million (NHLBI)
Prevalance Rate of Stroke: approx 1 in 59 or 1.69% or 4.6 million people in USA [about data]
Incidence (annual) of Stroke: 600,000 annually (CDC) including 500,000 new cases and 100,000 recurrences.
Incidence Rate of Stroke: approx 1 in 453 or 0.22% or 600,000 people in USA [about data]
Worldwide incidence of Stroke: estimated 15 million people worldwide survive minor strokes each year (Cardiovascular Diseases – Prevention and Control, WHO, 2001-2002)

Who gets Stroke?

Patient Profile for Stroke: More common with age

Gender Profile for Stroke: More common in men

Gender Profile for Stroke: More than 1 million women in the United States have had a stroke, and each year 90,000 women die of stroke. (Source: excerpt from Fact Sheet Heart Disease and Stroke in Women: NWHIC)

How serious is Stroke?

Prognosis of Stroke: Unpredictable. About 20% of patients die in hospital. Others have complications of stroke.
Complications of Stroke: see complications of Stroke
Prognosis of Stroke: Although stroke is a disease of the brain, it can affect the entire body. Some of the disabilities that can result from stroke include paralysis, cognitive deficits, speech problems, emotional difficulties, daily living problems, and pain. (Source: excerpt from NINDS Stroke Information Page: NINDS)
Average life years lost for Stroke: 3.5 average YPLL/person for stroke in Michigan¹.
Deaths for Stroke: 167,366 deaths in 1999 (CDC); 7.0% of deaths in 1999.
Cause of death rank for Stroke: 3rd top leading cause of death in 1999 and 2000 (CDC)

What causes Stroke?

Causes of Stroke: see causes of Stroke
Risk factors for Stroke: see risk factors for Stroke

What are the symptoms of Stroke?

Symptoms of Stroke: see symptoms of Stroke

Complications of Stroke: see complications of Stroke

Can anyone else get Stroke?

Inheritance: see inheritance of Stroke

Stroke: Testing

Diagnostic testing: see tests for Stroke.

Misdiagnosis: see misdiagnosis and Stroke.

How is it treated?

Treatments for Stroke: see treatments for Stroke
Prevention of Stroke: see prevention of Stroke
Research for Stroke: see research for Stroke

Society issues for Stroke

Costs of Stroke: $49.4 billion with $30.8b direct, $5.6b morbidity, $13.0b mortality (NHLBI 2002)
Costs of Stroke: Heart disease and stroke cost the nation almost $260 billion annually. (Source: excerpt from Facts About Cardiovascular Disease: CDC-OC)

Cost statistics for Stroke: The following are statistics from various sources about costs and Stroke:

$2.7 billion spent each year in Canada (Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada Web site)
$1,258 million in hospital costs for stroke in Canada 1993 (Health Canada)
$75 million in physician costs for stroke in Canada 1993 (Health Canada)
$112 million in 1,565 costs for stroke in Canada 1993 (Health Canada)
$2 million in research costs for stroke in Canada 1993 (Health Canada)
more statistics...»

Hospitalizations for Stroke: 926,000 hospitalizations per year in the USA 1995 (US Government Statistics)

Hospitalization statistics for Stroke: The following are statistics from various sources about hospitalizations and Stroke:

942,000 hospital discharges were due to strokes in the US 2002 (2002 National Hospital Discharge Survey, NCHS, CDC)
Average length of hospital stay for strokes was 5.3 days in the US 2002 (2002 National Hospital Discharge Survey, NCHS, CDC)
0.069% (8,819) of hospital consultant episodes were for subarachnoid haemorrhage in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
79% of hospital consultant episodes for subarachnoid haemorrhage required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
37% of hospital consultant episodes for subarachnoid haemorrhage were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
63% of hospital consultant episodes for subarachnoid haemorrhage were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
63% of hospital consultant episodes for subarachnoid haemorrhage required emergency hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
more statistics...»

Physician office visits for Stroke: 694,000 visits to the ER per year for stroke in the USA 1995 (US Government Statistics)