Types of Sjogren's Syndrome

Primary versus Secondary Sjögren's Syndrome

Sjögren's syndrome is classified as either primary or secondary disease. Primary Sjögren's occurs by itself, and secondary Sjögren's occurs with another disease. Both are systemic disorders, although the symptoms in primary are more restricted.

In primary Sjögren's syndrome, the doctor can trace the symptoms to problems with the tear and saliva glands. People with primary disease are more likely to have certain antibodies (substances that help fight a particular disease) circulating in their blood than people with secondary disease. These antibodies are called SS-A and SS-B. People with primary Sjögren's are more likely to have antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in their blood. ANAs are autoantibodies, which are directed against the body.

In secondary Sjögren's syndrome, the person had an autoimmune disease like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus before Sjögren's developed. People with this type tend to have more health problems because they have two diseases, and they are also less likely to have the antibodies associated with primary Sjögren's.