Diagnosis of Pregnancy toxemia /hypertension
Pregnancy toxemia /hypertension Diagnosis: Book Excerpts
Tests and diagnosis discussion for Pregnancy toxemia /hypertension:
Preeclampsia is defined as a pregnancy-specific syndrome
observed after the 20th week of pregnancy with systolic blood pressure of >=
140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure of >= 90 mmHg, accompanied by
significant proteinuria. Previous definitions included edema as part of the
diagnosis, but this has subsequently been dropped as being too non-specific.
Likewise, the criteria of a 30-point change in systolic blood pressure or a
15-point change in diastolic blood pressure have been eliminated for the same
reason in favor of an absolute blood pressure threshold. (Source: excerpt from REPORT of the WORKING GROUP on RESEARCH on HYPERTENSION DURING PREGNANCY: NHLBI)
Diagnosis of Pregnancy toxemia /hypertension: medical news summaries:
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Diagnostic Tests for Pregnancy toxemia /hypertension: Online Medical Books
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Pregnancy-induced hypertension:
Diagnosis
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
The following findings suggest preeclampsia:
❑ elevated blood pressure readings: 140 systolic, measured on two occasions, 6 hours apart; 90 diastolic, measured on two occasions, 6 hours apart
❑ proteinuria: at least 300 mg/24 hours.
The following findings suggest severe preeclampsia:
❑ higher blood pressure readings: 160/110 mm Hg or higher on two occasions, 6 hours apart, on bed rest
❑ increased proteinuria: 5 g/24 hours or more
❑ presence of pulmonary edema
❑ ultrasound: may reveal oligohydraminos
❑ oliguria: urine output less than or equal to 400 ml/24 hours.
Seizures strongly suggest eclampsia. Rarely, ophthalmoscopic examination may reveal vascular spasm, papilledema, retinal edema or detachment, and arteriovenous nicking or hemorrhage.
Real-time ultrasonography, stress and nonstress tests, and biophysical profiles evaluate fetal status. In the stress test, oxytocin stimulates contractions; fetal heart tones are then monitored electronically. In the nonstress test, fetal heart tones are monitored electronically during periods of fetal activity, without oxytocin stimulation. Electronic monitoring reveals stable or increased fetal heart tones during periods of fetal activity.
Ultrasonography aids evaluation of fetal health by assessing fetal breathing movements, gross body movements, fetal tone, reactive fetal heart rate, and qualitative amniotic fluid volume.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Hypertension, pregnancy-induced:
Diagnosis
(Handbook of Diseases)
The following findings suggest mild preeclampsia:
❑ elevated blood pressure readings — 140 mm Hg systolic or a rise of 30 mm Hg or more above the patient’s normal systolic pressure measured on two occasions, 6 hours apart; 90 mm Hg diastolic or a rise of 15 mm Hg or more above the patient’s normal diastolic pressure measured on two occasions, 6 hours apart
❑ proteinuria — greater than 500 mg/24 hours.
The following findings suggest severe preeclampsia:
❑ much higher blood pressure readings — 160/110 mm Hg or higher on two occasions, 6 hours apart, while on bed rest
❑ increased proteinuria — 5 g or more/24 hours
❑ oliguria — urine output less than or equal to 400 ml/24 hours
❑ deep tendon reflexes — possibly hyperactive as central nervous system (CNS) irritability increases.
Typical clinical features — especially seizures — with typical findings for severe preeclampsia strongly suggest eclampsia. An ophthalmoscopic examination may reveal vascular spasm, papilledema, retinal edema or detachment, and arteriovenous nicking or hemorrhage.
Real-time ultrasonography and stress and nonstress tests evaluate fetal well-being. In the stress test, oxytocin stimulates contractions; fetal heart tones are then monitored electronically.
In the nonstress test, fetal heart tones are monitored electronically during periods of fetal activity without oxytocin stimulation. Electronic monitoring reveals stable or increased fetal heart tones during periods of fetal activity.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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