Prevalence and Incidence of Brain conditions
Prevalance of types of Brain conditions:
For details see prevalence of types of Brain conditions analysis; summary of available prevalence data:
- Adrenoleukodystrophy: 1 per 20,000 people suffer from X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, Genetics Home reference website
- Agenesis of the corpus callosum: rare
- Agnosia: rare
- Aicardi syndrome: rare
- Alexander Syndrome: rare
- Alpers Syndrome: rare
- Alternating Hemiplegia: rare
- Alzheimer's Disease: more than 4 million Americans (CDC); estimated 4 million people in the U.S (NHWIC)
- Angelman syndrome: 1 per 12,000 - 20,000 people are affected by Angelman syndrome, Genetics Home Reference website
- Aphasia: 1 million Americans (NINDS)
- Ataxia Telangiectasia: 1 per 40,000 - 100,000 people worldwide suffer from ataxia-telangiectasia, Genetics Home Reference website
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: 3.3 million children have ADD in USA (NHIS-97); estimated 2 million American children; 3 to 5 percent of all children (NIMH).
- Autism: 1 in 500 to 1 in 2,500 (NIMH); 1-in-1000 to 2-in-1000, depending on diagnostic criteria
- Binswanger's Disease: rare
- Bipolar disorder: 1.2 percent of the population; 2.3 million adult Americans (NIMH)
- Canavan disease: 1 per 6,400 - 13,500 people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage suffer from Canavan disease, Genetics Home Reference website
- Cerebrovascular Conditions: 30 per 1000 - NHIS95
- Empty Sella Syndrome: rare
- Encephaloceles: rare
- Epilepsy: 2.3 million Americans (CDC)
- Fahr's Syndrome: rare
- Gaucher Disease: 1 per 50,000 - 100,000 people are affected by Gaucher disease, Genetics Home Reference website
- Huntington's Disease: estimated 3-7 per 100,000 people of European ancestry suffer from Huntington disease, Genetics Home Reference website
- Hydranencephaly: rare
- Joubert Syndrome: rare
- Krabbé Disease: rare
- Landau-Kleffner Syndrome: rare
- Microcephaly: rare
- Moyamoya Disease: rare
- Multiple Sclerosis: 1-in-700 (NIAID)
- Narcolepsy: 200,000 Americans (NHLBI estimate); 50,000 diagnosed.
- Parkinson's Disease: 1 million people (unreliable estimate)
- Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease: rare
- Porencephaly: extremely rare
- Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: rare
- Pseudotumor Cerebri: about 1-2 people per 100,000 population have benign intracranial hypertension in the US (Association for Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus)
- Rasmussen's Encephalitis: rare
- Rett's syndrome: estimated 1 per 10,000 - 22,000 females suffer from Rett syndrome, Genetics Home Reference website
- Schizencephaly: extremely rare
- Schizophrenia: Approximately 2.2 million American adults (NIMH); estimated 1.3% adults (USSG); more than 2 million Americans
- Septo-Optic Dysplasia: rare
- Soto's Syndrome: rare
- Stroke: estimated 4.6 million (NHLBI)
- Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: rare - because of the rarity of measles due to vaccination programs.
- Tourette Syndrome: estimated 1-10 per 1,000 children have Tourette syndrome, Genetics Home Reference website
- Traumatic Brain Injury: 0.2% of population has an acquired brain injury in Australia 1998 (Australia’s Health 2004, AIHW)
- Tuberous sclerosis: less than 1 in 10,000
- Williams Syndrome: estimated 1 per 7,500 - 20,000 people suffer from Williams syndrome, Genetics Home Reference website
- Wilson's Disease: approximately 1 per 30,000 people suffer from Wilson disease, Genetics Home Reference website
- Zellweger Syndrome: rare
- more types of Brain conditions...»
Brain conditions Prevalence: Book Excerpts
Incidence of types of Brain conditions:
For details see incidence of types of Brain conditions analysis; summary of available incidence by type data:
- Anencephaly: less than 4,000 cases (the rate for spina bifida and anencephaly, NWHIC)
- Autism: 3,000 new cases in the USA 2001 (BBC News, 2002)
- Brain cancer: 17,000 annual cases in USA (SEER 2002 estimate: brain and other nervous system)
- Cerebral Palsy: 2 to 2.5 per 1,000 births (FMC)
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: 1-per-million
- Cryptococcal Meningitis: about 5 per million
- Dementia: 6,175 annual cases in Victora 1996 (DHS-VIC)
- Eastern equine encephalitis: 5 annual cases notified in USA 1999 (MMWR 1999)
- Encephalitis, California serogroup viral: 70 annual cases notified in USA 1999 (MMWR 1999)
- Encephaloceles: 1.7 per 10,000 births in the UK 2002 for encephalocele (University of Ulster, 2003)
- Epilepsy: 181,000 people diagnosed each year (CDC)
- Fetal alcohol syndrome: 0.9 per 10,000 births (Caucasians); Asians 0.3, Hispanics 0.8, African Americans 6.0, and Native Americans 29.9 (NWHIC).
- Holoprosencephaly: 2.38 per 10,000 births in the UK 2002 for arhinencephaly/holprosencephaly (University of Ulster, 2003)
- Huntington's Disease: 26 annual cases in Victoria 1996 (DHS-VIC)
- Hydrocephalus: 6.46 per 10,000 births in the UK 2002 for hydrocephaly (University of Ulster, 2003)
- Kuru: 0%; the disease is almost extinct.
- Meningitis: approximately 25,000 cases of bacterial meningitis annually in USA; 206 annual cases in Victoria 1996 (DHS-VIC)
- Meningococcal disease: 2,501 annual cases notified in USA 1999 (MMWR 1999)
- Mental illness: about 22.1 percent of American adults annually or 44.3 million people (NIMH)
- Microcephaly: 1.02 per 10,000 births in the UK 2002 for microcephaly (University of Ulster, 2003)
- Neural tube defect: 11.57 per 10,000 births with neural tube defects in the UK 2002 (University of Ulster, 2003)
- Rabies: 18,000 cases (of rabies shots rather than actual rabies)
- Rett's syndrome: 1 in 10,000-15,000 live female births
- Soto's Syndrome: estimated 1 per 5,000 newborns have Sotos syndrome which includes reported cases and undiagnosed cases, Genetics Home Reference website
- St. Louis encephalitis: 4 annual cases notified in USA 1999 (MMWR 1999)
- Stroke: 600,000 annually (CDC) including 500,000 new cases and 100,000 recurrences.
- Traumatic Brain Injury: 9,484 in NJ 1997 (NJ DHSS)
- Viral meningitis: 8,932 new cases in America 1995 (Meningitis Foundation of America, CDC, 1994)
- Western equine encephalitis: 1 annual cases notified in USA 1999 (MMWR 1999)
- Japanese encephalitis: 1 case annually in USA (DVBID)
- Pneumococcal meningitis: about 1 to 2 per 100,000 in the USA
- more types of Brain conditions...»
Prevalence/Incidence of Brain conditions: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Brain conditions.
Headache:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Most chronic headaches result from tension (muscle contraction), which may be caused by emotional stress, fatigue, menstruation, or environmental stimuli (noise, crowds, or bright lights). Other possible causes include glaucoma; inflammation of the eyes or mucosa of the nasal or paranasal sinuses; diseases of the scalp, teeth, extracranial arteries, or external or middle ear; muscle spasms of the face, neck, or shoulders; and cervical arthritis. In addition, headaches may be caused by vasodilators (nitrates, alcohol, and histamine), systemic disease, hypoxia, hypertension, head trauma and tumor, intracranial bleeding, abscess, or aneurysm.
The cause of migraine headache is unknown, but it’s associated with constriction and dilation of intracranial and extracranial arteries. Certain biochemical abnormalities are thought to occur during a migraine attack. These include local leakage of a vasodilator polypeptide called neurokinin through the dilated arteries and a decrease in the plasma level of serotonin.
Headache pain may emanate from the pain-sensitive structures of the skin, scalp, muscles, arteries, and veins; cranial nerves V, VII, IX, and X; or cervical nerves 1, 2, and 3. Intracranial mechanisms of headaches include traction or displacement of arteries, venous sinuses, or venous tributaries and inflammation or direct pressure on the cranial nerves with afferent pain fibers.
Affecting up to 10% of Americans, headaches are more common in females and have a strong familial incidence.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Malignant brain tumors:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
The cause of most brain tumors is unknown, but exposure to ionizing radiation is a known environmental risk. Additionally, most malignant tumors of the brain are of metastatic origin; 20% to 40% of patients with cancer develop brain metastasis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
About prevalence and incidence statistics:
The term 'prevalence' of Brain conditions usually refers to the estimated population
of people who are managing Brain conditions at any given time.
The term 'incidence' of Brain conditions refers to the annual diagnosis rate,
or the number of new cases of Brain conditions diagnosed each year.
Hence, these two statistics types can differ:
a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence,
but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence.
For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
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