Treatments for Angina
Treatments for Angina
The list of treatments mentioned in various sources
for Angina
includes the following list.
Always seek professional medical advice about any treatment
or change in treatment plans.
- Treating angina and heart attack risk factors
- Avoiding angina triggers
- Milder exercise - if angina occurs on exercise.
- Moderate eating - if angina occurs from eating large meals.
- Medications
- Surgery
Angina: Is the Diagnosis Correct?
The first step in getting correct treatment is
to get a correct diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis list for Angina may include:
Hidden causes of Angina may be incorrectly diagnosed:
Angina: Marketplace Products, Discounts & Offers
Products, offers and promotion categories available for Angina:
Angina: Research Doctors & Specialists
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Drugs and Medications used to treat Angina:
Note:You must always seek professional medical advice about any prescription drug, OTC drug, medication, treatment
or change in treatment plans.
Some of the different medications used in the treatment of Angina include:
- Amlodipine
- Lotrel
- Norvasc
- Isosorbide Dinitrate
- Angipec
- Apo-ISDN
- Cedocard-SR
- Coradur
- Coronex
- Dilatrate-SR
- Iso-BID
- Isonate
- Isordil
- Isordil Tembids
- Isordil Titradose
- Isotrate Timecelles
- Novo-Sorbide
- Sorbitrate
- Sorbitrate-SA
- Metoprolol
- Apo-Metoprolol
- Betaloc
- Co-Betaloc
- Logimax
- Lopressor
- Lopressor Delayed-Release
- Lopressor HCT
- Lopressor OROS
- Novo-Metoprol
- Nu-Metop
- Toprol
- Toprol XL
- Mibefradil
- Nicardipine
- Cardene
- Cardene SR
- Nifedipine
- Adalat
- Adalat CC
- Adalat FT
- Adalat P.A
- Apo-Nifed
- Gen-Nifedipine
- Novo-Nifedin
- Nu-Nifed
- Procardia
- Procardia XL
- Scheinpharm Nifedipine XL
- Nisoldipine
- Sular
- Nitroglycerin
- Corobid
- Deponit
- Minitran Transdermal Delivery System
- Nitrek
- Nitro-Bid
- Nitrocap TD
- Nitrocine Timecaps
- Nitrocine Transdermal
- Nitrodisc
- Nitro-Dur
- Nitro-Dur II
- Nitrogard
- Nitrogard-SR
- Nitroglyn
- Nitrol
- Nitrolin
- Nitrolingual Spray
- Nitrol TSAR Kit
- Nitrong
- Nitrong SR
- Nitroquick
- Nitrospan
- Nitrostabilin
- Nitrostat
- Nitro Transdermal System
- NTS Transdermal Patch
- Transderm-Nitro
- Trates S.R
- Tridil
- Nov-Acebutolol
- Nu-Acebutolol
- Norvas
- Caduet - mainly used to treat patients with hypertension and angina
- Amlodipine and Atorvastatin - mainly used to treat patients with hypertension and angina
- Angiotrofin
- Novo-Diltiazem-CD
- Novo-Diltiazem SR
- Nu-Diltiaz-CD
- Ratio-Diltiazem CD
- Rhoxal-Diltiazem CD
- Rhoxal-Diltiazem SR
- Gen-Diltiazem
- Gen-Diltiazem SR
- Apo-Diltiaz SR
- Apo-Diltiaz CD
- Alti-Diltiazem SR
- Taztia XT
- Syscor
- Glyceryl Trinitrate
- Anginine
- Minitran
- Rectogesic
- Transiderm Nitro
- Isosorbide Nitrate
- Duride, Imdur Durules
- Imtrate SR
- Monodur
- Sorbidin
- Nicorandil
- Ikorel
Unlabeled Drugs and Medications to treat Angina:
Unlabelled alternative drug treatments for Angina include:
Latest treatments for Angina:
The following are some of the latest treatments for Angina:
Hospital statistics for Angina:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Angina:
- 1.13% (144,450) of hospital consultant episodes were for angina pectoris in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 73% of hospital consultant episodes for angina pectoris required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 58% of hospital consultant episodes for angina pectoris were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 42% of hospital consultant episodes for angina pectoris were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- more hospital information...»
Hospitals & Medical Clinics: Angina
Research quality ratings and patient incidents/safety measures
for hospitals and medical facilities in specialties related to Angina:
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More general information, not necessarily in relation to Angina,
on hospital and medical facility performance and surgical care quality:
Medical news summaries about treatments for Angina:
The following medical news items
are relevant to treatment of Angina:
Discussion of treatments for Angina:
NHLBI, ANGINA: NHLBI (Excerpt)
A person who has angina should learn the pattern of his or her angina--what
cause an angina attack, what it feels like, how long episodes usually last, and
whether medication relieves the attack. If the pattern changes sharply or if the
symptoms are those of a heart attack, one should get medical help immediately,
perhaps best done by seeking an evaluation at a nearby hospital emergency room.
(Source: excerpt from NHLBI, ANGINA: NHLBI)
NHLBI, ANGINA: NHLBI (Excerpt)
The underlying coronary artery disease that causes angina should be attacked
by controlling existing "risk factors." These include high blood pressure,
cigarette smoking, high blood cholesterol levels, and excess weight. If the
doctor has prescribed a drug to lower blood pressure, it should be taken as
directed. Advice is available on how to eat to control weight, blood cholesterol
levels, and blood pressure. A physician can also help patients to stop smoking.
Taking these steps reduces the likelihood that coronary artery disease will lead
to a heart attack.
Most people with angina learn to adjust their lives to minimize episodes of
angina, by taking sensible precautions and using medications if necessary.
Usually the first line of defense involves changing one's living habits to
avoid bringing on attacks of angina. Controlling physical activity, adopting
good eating habits, moderating alcohol consumption, and not smoking are some of
the precautions that can help patients live more comfortably and with less
angina. For example, if angina comes on with strenuous exercise, exercise a
little less strenuously, but do exercise. If angina occurs after heavy meals,
avoid large meals and rich foods that leave one feeling stuffed. Controlling
weight, reducing the amount of fat in the diet, and avoiding emotional upsets
may also help.
Angina is often controlled by drugs. The most commonly prescribed drug for
angina is nitroglycerin, which relieves pain by widening blood vessels. This
allows more blood to flow to the heart muscle and also decreases the work load
of the heart. Nitroglycerin is taken when discomfort occurs or is expected.
Doctors frequently prescribe other drugs, to be taken regularly, that reduce the
heart's workload. Beta blockers slow the heart rate and lessen the force of the
heart muscle contraction. Calcium channel blockers are also effective in
reducing the frequency and severity of angina attacks.
What if medication fails to control angina?
Doctors may recommend surgery or angioplasty if drugs fail to ease angina or
if the risk of heart attack is high. Coronary artery bypass surgery is an
operation in which a blood vessel is grafted onto the blocked artery to bypass
the blocked or diseased section so that blood can get to the heart muscle. An
artery from inside the chest (an "internal mammary" graft) or long vein from the
leg (a "saphenous vein" graft) may be used.
Balloon angioplasty involves inserting a catheter with a tiny balloon at the
end into a forearm or groin artery. The balloon is inflated briefly to open the
vessel in places where the artery is narrowed. Other catheter techniques are
also being developed for opening narrowed coronary arteries, including laser and
mechanical devices applied by means of catheters. (Source: excerpt from NHLBI, ANGINA: NHLBI)
Angina: NWHIC (Excerpt)
Lifestyle changes and medicine are the most common ways to control
stable angina. Although angina may be brought on by exercise, this does
not mean that you should stop exercising. In fact, you should keep doing
an exercise program that has been approved by your health care provider.
Risk factors for coronary artery disease should be controlled,
including high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, high blood cholesterol,
and excess weight. By eating healthfully, not smoking, limiting how much
alcohol you drink, and avoiding stress, you may live more comfortably and
with fewer angina attacks. You may need medicine to help lower your blood
pressure or your cholesterol.
Drugs are often used to control angina. The most commonly used drug for
angina is nitroglycerin, which relieves pain by relaxing blood
vessels. This allows more blood to flow to the heart muscle and also
decreases the workload of the heart. Nitroglycerin is taken when
discomfort occurs or is expected. Your health care provider may prescribe
other drugs to be taken every day to help reduce the heart's workload. Two
types of drugs often used are called beta-blockers and
calcium channel blockers.
(Source: excerpt from Angina: NWHIC)
Angina: NWHIC (Excerpt)
Talk to your health care provider about changes you can make to improve
your heart health and your angina. You may benefit from:
-
weight loss
-
increasing your physical activity
-
eating healthy foods and not overeating
-
controlling stress in your life
-
quitting smoking
-
drinking less alcohol.
(Source: excerpt from
Angina: NWHIC)
Angina: NWHIC (Excerpt)
If lifestyle changes and drugs fail to ease angina, or if
your risk of heart attack is high, you may need additional tests and
treatment. One common test is cardiac catheterization. This test
involves inserting a catheter (a thin tube) into a forearm or groin artery
and threading the catheter into the heart. A dye can be injected and
tracked by computerized x-ray (coronary angiography or
arteriography) to show where the arteries are blocked. Balloon
angioplasty may be used to open up narrowed arteries. This procedure
uses a tiny balloon that is inflated briefly inside the artery. Sometimes
a stent (a tiny metal mesh tube) is put in to help keep the
artery open. (Source: excerpt from Angina: NWHIC)
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Chest Pain:
Treatment
(In a Page: Signs and Symptoms)
-
Attention to airway, breathing, and circulation
-
All patients with suspected coronary artery disease should initially be treated with supplemental O2, aspirin, and nitroglycerin; morphine may be added if pain does not subside
-
- If an acute myocardial infarction is suspected, β-blockers, ACE inhibitors, heparin (usually low molecular weight heparin, enoxaparin), thrombolytic therapy or primary angioplasty (PTCA), and/or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (e.g., eptifibatide, abciximab, or tirofiban) may be indicated
Treat other etiologies as appropriate (e.g., antiarrhythmics and/or cardioversion for arrhythmias, pericardiocentesis for cardiac tamponade, H2 blockers or PPIs for GERD and peptic ulcer disease, antibiotics for pneumonia, bronchodilators and steroids for asthma)
Emergent surgery for aortic dissections that involve the aortic arch proximal to left subclavian artery (type A); strict blood pressure control for type B dissections that only involve the aorta distal to left subclavian artery
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In a Page: Signs and Symptoms, 2004
Chest Pain:
Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
-
Most patients/families with chest pain simply want reassurance that symptoms are not cardiac in origin
-
A careful history and physical exam are most important; however, a normal CXR and ECG provide therapeutic reassurance to the patient/family
-
Further cardiology consultation is rarely required but should be considered with patients experiencing chest pain with exercise, a history of Kawasaki disease, Marfan syndrome (this is an emergency), and for those patients with persistent chest pain
-
Costochondritis: Treated with NSAIDs until resolved
-
Pericarditis: Treated with aspirin or NSAIDs; requires cardiology follow-up until resolved, rarely requires pericardiocentesis
-
Appropriate therapy of identified pulmonary, gastrointestinal, or musculoskeletal problems
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Chest pain:
Emergency interventions
(Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition))
Ask the patient when his chest pain began. Did it develop suddenly or gradually? Is it more severe or frequent now than when it first started? Does anything relieve the pain? Does anything aggravate the pain? Ask the patient about associated symptoms. Sudden, severe chest pain requires prompt evaluation and treatment because it may herald a life-threatening disorder. (See Managing severe chest pain, pages 134 and 135.)
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition), 2006
Myocardial infarction:
Treatment (Tx)
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Thrombolytic therapy, oxygen, nitroglycerin or angioplasty (or both)
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Arm pain:
Patient counseling
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
Advise a patient with a cast to notify his physician if he detects worsening swelling, purple discoloration of fingers, or numbness or tingling because these signs may represent vascular compliance due to a tight cast. Also, inform a patient with angina that arm pain, usually left-sided, may represent an ischemic event, especially if accompanied by diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, and anxiety.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Chest pain:
Emergency interventions
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
Ask the patient when his chest pain began. Did it develop suddenly or gradually? Is it more severe or frequent now than when it first started? Does anything relieve the pain? Does anything aggravate it? Ask the patient about associated symptoms. Sudden, severe chest pain requires prompt evaluation and treatment because it may herald a life-threatening disorder. (See Managing severe chest pain, pages 162 and 163.)
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Myocardial infarction:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
The goals of treatment are to relieve chest pain, to stabilize heart rhythm, to reduce cardiac workload, to revascularize the coronary artery, and to preserve myocardial tissue. Arrhythmias, the predominant problem during the first 48 hours after the infarction, may require an antiarrhythmic, possibly a pacemaker and, rarely, cardioversion.
To preserve myocardial tissue, I.V. thrombolytic therapy should be started within 6 hours after the onset of symptoms (unless contraindications exist). Thrombolytic therapy includes either streptokinase or recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and is usually followed by I.V. infusion of heparin.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) may be another option. If PTCA is performed soon after the onset of symptoms, the thrombolytic agent may be administered directly into the coronary artery. Emergency coronary artery bypass surgery may be necessary in some cases.
Other treatments include:
❑ antiplatelet drugs, such as aspirin, to inhibit platelet aggregation (should be initiated within 24 hours after onset of symptoms)
❑ sublingual or I.V. nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, to relieve pain by redistributing blood to ischemic areas of the myocardium, thus increasing cardiac output and reducing myocardial workload
❑ morphine I.V. for pain and sedation
❑ bed rest with bedside commode to decrease cardiac workload
❑ oxygen administration at a modest flow rate for 3 to 6 hours (a lower concentration is necessary if the patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
❑ drugs to increase myocardial contractility or blood pressure
❑ pulmonary artery catheterization to detect left- or right-sided heart failure and to monitor the patient’s response to treatment
❑ angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to improve survival rate in a low ejection fraction (a large anterior-wall MI).
Other medications, such as antiarrhythmics, diuretics, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, beta-adrenergic blockers, and calcium channel blockers, are used as needed.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Chest pain:
Nursing considerations
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
As needed, prepare the patient for cardiopulmonary studies, such as an ECG and a lung scan. Perform a venipuncture to collect a serum sample for cardiac enzyme and other studies. Assess the cardiovascular system frequently. Interpret changes in cardiac rhythm. Be prepared for emergency procedures.
Keep in mind that a patient with chest pain may deny his discomfort, so stress the importance of reporting symptoms to allow adjustment of his treatment.
Patient teaching
Explain the purpose and procedure of each diagnostic test to the patient to help alleviate his anxiety. Prepare him if cardiac catheterization or fibrinolytic therapy is indicated. Explain the purpose of any prescribed drugs and make sure that he understands the dosage, schedule, and possible adverse effects. Teach the patient with coronary artery disease to recognize the typical features of cardiac ischemia as well as symptoms that require prompt medical attention. Teach him how to administer sublingual nitroglycerin and advise him to seek medical attention if the pain lasts more than 20 minutes, fails to respond to nitroglycerin, or has a different pattern than the usual angina.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series, 2007
Arm pain:
Patient counseling
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
Advise a patient with a cast to notify his physician if he detects any worsening swelling, purple discoloration of fingers, or numbness or tingling because these signs may represent circulatory impairment due to a tight cast. Also advise patients with angina that arm pain, usually left-sided, may represent an ischemic event, especially if accompanied by diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, and anxiety.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Chest pain:
Patient counseling
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
Teach patients with coronary artery disease about the typical features of cardiac ischemia as well as the symptoms that should prompt them to seek medical attention. If the pain fails to disappear after sublingual nitroglycerin, lasts more than 20 minutes, or has a different pattern from the usual angina, the patient must be evaluated immediately.
Explain the purpose and procedure of each diagnostic test to the patient to help alleviate his anxiety. Also explain the purpose of any prescribed drugs, and make sure that the patient understands the dosage, schedule, and possible adverse effects.
Keep in mind that a patient with chest pain may deny his discomfort, so stress the importance of reporting symptoms to allow adjustment of his treatment.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Arm pain:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ If you suspect a fracture, apply a sling or splint to immobilize the arm, and monitor the patient for worsening pain, numbness, or decreased circulation distal to the injury site.
▪ Monitor the patient's vital signs, and be alert for tachycardia, hypotension, and diaphoresis.
▪ Withhold food, fluids, and analgesics until potential fractures are evaluated.
▪ Promote the patient's comfort by elevating his arm and applying ice.
▪ Clean abrasions and lacerations and apply dry, sterile dressings, if necessary.
▪ Prepare the patient for X-rays or other diagnostic tests.
▪ Administer analgesics, as appropriate, and evaluate their effectiveness.
▪ Treat the underlying cause, such as MI, appropriately.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain the signs and symptoms of circulatory impairment caused by a tight cast that requires immediate treatment.
▪ Discuss the signs and symptoms of an ischemic event.
▪ Teach the patient about the cause of arm pain and the treatment plan after the diagnosis is determined.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Chest pain:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Prepare the patient for cardiopulmonary studies, such as an electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, and a lung perfusion scan.
▪ Collect a serum sample for cardiac enzyme and electrolyte levels.
▪ Provide emotional support because chest pain produces increased anxiety.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain the purpose and procedure of each diagnostic test to the patient to help alleviate his anxiety.
▪ Teach the patient about the cause of his chest pain once a diagnosis is established.
▪ Explain the purpose of any prescribed drugs, and make sure that the patient understands the dosage, schedule, and possible adverse effects.
▪ Stress the importance of reporting symptoms to allow for the adjustment of treatment.
▪ Teach the patient with coronary artery disease about the typical features of cardiac ischemia as well as the symptoms that should prompt him to seek immediate medical attention.
▪ Discuss lifestyle changes that can reduce the risk of coronary artery disease.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
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