Aase Smith syndrome is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This means that Aase Smith syndrome, or a subtype of Aase Smith syndrome, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
Ophanet, who are a consortium of European partners, currently defines a condition rare when if affects 1 person per 2,000. They list Aase Smith syndrome as a "rare disease". More information about Aase Smith syndrome is available from Orphanet
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Cleft lip or palate most commonly occurs as an isolated birth defect. Isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate and cleft palate only are the result of a disruption in the normal development of the orofacial structures. This disruption in development is thought to be the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Cleft lip or cleft palate may also occur as part of a chromosomal or Mendelian syndrome (cleft defects are associated with over 300 syndromes). Exposures to specific teratogens during fetal development may also produce these defects.
Cleft lip with or without cleft palate occurs in approximately 1 in 1,000 births among Whites; the incidence is higher in Asians (1.7 in 1,000) and Native Americans (over 3.6 in 1,000) but lower in Blacks (1 in 2,500).
A family history of cleft defects increases the risk of a couple having a child with a cleft defect. Likewise, an individual with a cleft defect is at an increased risk for having a child with a cleft defect. Children with cleft defects and their parents or adult individuals should be referred for genetic counseling for accurate diagnosis of cleft type and recurrence risk counseling. Recurrence risk information is based on family history, the presence or absence of other physical or cognitive traits within a family, and prenatal exposure information.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
The term 'prevalence' of Aase Smith syndrome usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Aase Smith syndrome at any given time. The term 'incidence' of Aase Smith syndrome refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Aase Smith syndrome diagnosed each year. Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence. For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
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